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William Rowley (Royal Navy officer)
Admiral of the Fleet Sir William Rowley KB (c. 1690 – 1 January 1768) was a Royal Navy officer. He distinguished himself by his determination as commander of the vanguard at the Battle of Toulon in February 1744 during the War of the Austrian Succession. He went on to be Commander-in-Chief of the Mediterranean Fleet in August 1744 and successfully kept the Spanish and French fleets out of the Mediterranean area but was relieved of his command following criticism of his decision as presiding officer at a court-martial.
Rowley later became a Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty on the Admiralty board. He was a Member of Parliament for Taunton and then for Portsmouth.
==Early career==
Born the second son of William Rowley and his wife, Elizabeth Rowley (née Dawson), Rowley joined the Royal Navy as a volunteer in 1704.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=William Rowley )〕 He was assigned to the third-rate HMS ''Orford'', commanded by Captain John Norris, and saw action in the Mediterranean during the War of the Spanish Succession.〔Heathcote, p. 222〕 Having passed his exams for lieutenant on 15 September 1708, he transferred to the third-rate HMS ''Somerset'' in December 1708.〔 After carrying out diplomatic duties for King George I in Paris in early 1716, he was promoted to captain on 26 June 1716 and given command of HMS ''Bideford'' at Gibraltar and was involved in naval action against pirates.〔 He transferred to the command of the sixth-rate HMS ''Lively'' in the Irish Sea in September 1719 and then went on half-pay in June 1728.〔
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